Ameri-SPAINISH
this is really outlandish
literally: HAWAII!
-Clare
The asian econ;
and the war with spain also
made life really suck
-michael miller
I say, lets expand
anti-imperialist?
well you gained support.
-crystal (:
War is upon us.
Imperialism rampant.
The Philippines rock!
-Jonathan Lo
Through the short-lived Spanish-American War, the U.S. acquired many Pacific islands strategically located for naval bases. (Mai Le)
With no room for economic growth at home, America sought foreign markets in Latin America and Asia through imperialism. -Laura Granillo
In this era of American history, the United States experiences a rapid expansion which eventually leads to war with the Spanish. (Stephen Perez)
In America war with Spain in 1898 was both welcomed and regreted by Americans it was a different war being shorter, and more personal than past wars and would describe the decsion of an overseas empire. -Eddie Rodriguez
We both want harbors
We both want samoa
but who gets it now?(Taylor)
America’s desire toward outward expansion led to the conquest of important territories, new foreign policies, guerrilla warfare, and a battle against Spain.
-Ana
The Maine in Ashes
War of the island nations
We owned the Spanish - Henry Go ATTENTION: Please hit the refresh button before editing...
_
Rough Riders- who, purpose- 611-12 (john)
teddy roosevelts own regiment
mixture of ivy league athletes and western frontiersmen (ideal soldier, being able to fight and discuss poertry and stuff)
joined invasion army for cuba, had succcess
purpose- victory, glory, publicity
John A. Kasson- 613 (john)
an able and expiernced diplomat
said we "must turn out eyes abroad or they will soon look inward" i.e. keep people occupied with war so they dont notice bad stuff at home
U.S. Exports (1898)- 613 (john)
factories and farms multiplied producing more goods than domestic market could consume
looked over seas for new markets
1898 exporterd more than imported lasted until 1960s
James G. Blaine- 613 (Laura Granillo)
Argued that foreign markets were essential for economic growth
Sought markets in Latin America, Asia and Africa using reciprocity agreements
Pan-American Union- 613, 617 (Laura Granillo)
Created to promote trade and exchange general information
Social Darwinism & expansion- 613(Laura Granillo)
The triumph of the fit and the elimination of the unfit
Justified English and Americans occupying every land on the globe
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Ernst Haeckel & John Fiske- 613
Haeckel
suggested the development of race paralleled development of the individual
therefore, less advanced people were stuck in adolescence or a child-like stage
Fiske
a popular writer and lecturer
argued for Anglo-Saxon racial superiority
due to natural selection
English and Americans would dominate the world
bring advances of commerce and democratic institutions upon less "civilized" places
http://www.jstor.org/pss/25080332
- Jonathan Lo
vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv
(0_o)(0_o)(0_o)(0_o)(0_o)(0_o)(0_o)(0_o)(0_o)(0_o)(0_o)(0_o)(0_o)(0_o)(0_o)(0_o)(0_o)(0_o)(0_o)(0_o)(0_o)(0_o)(0_o)(0_o)(0_o)(0_o)
John W. Burgess- 613
professor of political science at Columbia University
English were destined to impose political institutions upon the world
http://www.c250.columbia.edu/c250_celebrates/remarkable_columbians/john_burgess.html
- Jonathan Lo
(o_0)(o_0)(o_0)(o_0)(o_0)(o_0)(o_0)(o_0)(o_0)(o_0)(o_0)(o_0)(o_0)(o_0)(o_0)(o_0)(o_0)(o_0)(o_0)(o_0)(o_0)(o_0)(o_0)(o_0)(o_0)(o_0)
@[T_T]@@[T_T]@@[T_T]@@[T_T]@@[T_T]@@[T_T]@@[T_T]@@[T_T]@@[T_T]@@[T_T]@@[T_T]@@[T_T]@@[T_T]@
Josiah Strong- 613, 616
Congregational minister and expansionist
Suggested strength of developing ideas
overseas missionary work
Wrote Our Country: Its Possible Future and Its Present Crisis
advocated Anglo superiority
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josiah_Strong
-Jonathan Lo
@[T_T]@@[T_T]@@[T_T]@@[T_T]@@[T_T]@@[T_T]@@[T_T]@@[T_T]@@[T_T]@@[T_T]@@[T_T]@@[T_T]@@[T_T]@ William H. Seward- views and policies- 616-17 (Stephen Perez)
Pushed an expansive foreign policy
At the time, Seward had 5 years of life left
Views
§ American empire expanded to Latin America and shores of Asia
§ Also Canada and Mexico
§ Use Caribbean as bases to protect canal across the isthmus
Treaty of Washington- significance of arbitration- 617 (Stephen Perez) · Provided for arbitration of the Alabama issue and other nettlesome controversies · A landmark in the peaceful settlement of international disputes
o Marked a significant step in cementing Anglo-American relations · http://www.cartoonstock.com/lowres/csl0702l.jpg
o Political cartoon of Treaty of Washington
James Blaine & Frederick T. Frelinghuysen- goals- 617 (Ana Granados)
James Blaine
secretary of state under President James Garfield
laid extensive plans to establish closer commercial relations with Latin America
Frederick T. Frelinghuysen
Blaine's successor
changed Blaine's approach, not strategy
both wanted to find Caribbean markets for American goods
negotiated separate reciprocity treaties with Mexico, Cuba, Puerto Rico, British West Indied, Santo Domingo, and Colombia
hoped to bind these countries to American interests
delegates from 19 American nations negotiated several agreements to promote trade and create the International Bureau of the American Republics (later renamed the Pan-American Union for the exchange of general info, including poltical, scientific, and cultural knowledge)
conference led to later meetings promoting trade and other meetings
Richard Olney- 617-jess bolda
secritary of state.
urged britain to arbitrate the dispute
drafted a stiff diplomtic note affirming the monroe docterine
british foreign secritary rejected olney's arguements.
cleveland and olney had persuaed GB to recognize the US's dominance
(britain backs off)
increased american influence in Latin America.
Monroe doctern assumed new importance.
1896 Treaty of Arbitration- 618-jess bolda
Great Brittain and Venezuela divided the disputed territory
cleveland rarely consulted venezula (us acted unilateraly)
Demonstrated a growing determination to exert american power in the western hemisphere.
Crossroads of the Pacific- 618
islands of hawaii offered a way station to asian markets
trading ships of many nations stopped there
missionaries
reciprocity treaty of 1875- 618
allowed hawaii sugar to enter the US free of duty and bound the hawaiin monarchy to make no territorial or economic consessions to other powers
increased hawaiian economic dependence on US
Treaty of 1877- 618
this new treaty reaffirmed the arangements of the previous treaty and granted US access of Pearl harbor
NAVAL ADVISORY BOARD (Clare O’Flynn)
-In the 1870’s U.S. Navy had almost no power
---So, in 1880’s Naval Advisory Board is created. It funded, at first, 4 steel ships and eventually grew to fund more ships with better trained personnel. Not only was the U.S. navy strengthening their defense, but also their offense with more steel ships equipped with weaponry.
-2 main forces behind the navy:
Alfred Thayer Mahan
Benjamin F. Tracy
ALFRED THAYER MAHAN(Clare)
-thought that industrialism produced surpluses of agricultural and manufactured goods for which markets must be found.
--So, he then said that a large merchant marine/navy was required to protect it. He argued that in order to gain power the U.S. must expand. He was in great favor of bases/harbors being built, linking the East coast to the Pacific (Hawaii) BENJAMIN F. TRACY(Clare)
-organized Bureau of construction and repair to design and build new ships.
-made naval reserve and first submarine, also first heavy rapid fire guns and armor.
-joined big navy advocates in congress to push for a far ranging battleship fleet able to attack enemies.
-In accordance with Alfred Thayer Mahan, eventually expanded and trained the U.S. navy so well, it was ranked 4th in the world.
War with Spain-
America showed its dominance and rid the caribbean of the Spanish.
Spain had wooden ships and older technology.
They had no chance at winning the war.
-Patrick Herling
General Weyler
-Spanish Commander
-Demanded that rebels lay down their arms in ten days.
-He planned to have a "reconstruction" policy moving the natives into camps and destroying the rebells
-Patrick Herling
Battleship Maine- 623
John Hay- 623
fighting units by town- 624
black-white tensions- 625
Black-White Tensions
-as units were put together, it created racial tension
-it was reflective of US society
Military Information Division- 626
Manila Bay (1898)- 626
Guantanamo Bay- 626
(Neyer)
-Seized by U.S. marines
-served as a great South of the island harbor
-naval refueling depot
-a Caribbean base
BETTER THAN NOTHING http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WS0CrmHYLFITreaty of Paris (1898)- 629
Treaty of Paris- 629
(Neyer)
-$20 million payment offer to Spain
-U.S. makes minor concessions to Spain
-Spain leaves and gives U.S. holdings
-SPain agreed to:
a)assume the Cuban debt
b)recognize Cuba's independence
c)cede Puerto Rico and Guam to the U.S.
NOTHING BUT BAND LINKS
Anti-Imperialist League- 629 (crystal gutierrez)
-fought against peace treaty in phillipeans
-didnt want "mix races'
- 30000 members and over a half million contributors
-believed taking Phillipeans violated American principles of independence and self)determination
-local leagues formed in big cities such as Boston, Philidelphia, NY, etc.
As the American frontier “closed,” many in America pushed for new frontiers of an empire for exploration, settlement, and new markets.
-Antone Scala
Philippine-American War- 630 ANTONE SCALA ·War between US and Spain-lasted a few months, Filipinos helped because they thought they would gain independence ·After US defeats Spain, McKinley states that the Philipines “are not ready for self government” ·Filipinos turn on US-4,300 US dead; 50,000-200,000 Filipinos dead- lasted over 3 years
Emilio Aguinaldo-630 ·Filipino leader in anti-Spanish resistance ·Shifted to guerilla tactics vs. US after leading an army over Spain ·Remnants of Filipino army http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emilio_Aguinaldo
guerilla warfare- 630 ·US control during day, guerillas control at night ·Guerilla attacks, then hide in forests or nearby villages ·US-brutal retaliation- herd people into protected zones, destroyed rural areas outside of zone
Taft in Philippines- 631 (Mai Le)
Establish civil government for Philippines
organized municipal administrations (city governments)
July 4, 1901
Taft was named civilian governor of the islands (with final authority)
Gen. Leonard Wood- 633(crystal gutierrez)
-commander of US army in Cuba until 1902
-wanted to give cubans good school systems, fix their ports, and get them on their feet
-he conducted municipal electioins, helped them adapt a constitution and improve relations with the US http://www.wood.army.mil/MGLeonardwood.htm
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
michael
Platt Amendment- 633
created US involvement in cuba
did NOT put cuba as part of the us, and promised it never would
http://xcpapus.wikispaces.com/chapter21
_
Chapter in a sentence (or a haiku)-
Ameri-SPAINISH
this is really outlandish
literally: HAWAII!
-Clare
The asian econ;
and the war with spain also
made life really suck
-michael miller
I say, lets expand
anti-imperialist?
well you gained support.
-crystal (:
War is upon us.
Imperialism rampant.
The Philippines rock!
-Jonathan Lo
Through the short-lived Spanish-American War, the U.S. acquired many Pacific islands strategically located for naval bases. (Mai Le)
With no room for economic growth at home, America sought foreign markets in Latin America and Asia through imperialism. -Laura Granillo
In this era of American history, the United States experiences a rapid expansion which eventually leads to war with the Spanish. (Stephen Perez)
In America war with Spain in 1898 was both welcomed and regreted by Americans it was a different war being shorter, and more personal than past wars and would describe the decsion of an overseas empire. -Eddie Rodriguez
We both want harbors
We both want samoa
but who gets it now?(Taylor)
America’s desire toward outward expansion led to the conquest of important territories, new foreign policies, guerrilla warfare, and a battle against Spain.
-Ana
The Maine in Ashes
War of the island nations
We owned the Spanish - Henry Go
ATTENTION: Please hit the refresh button before editing...
_
Rough Riders- who, purpose- 611-12 (john)
John A. Kasson- 613 (john)
U.S. Exports (1898)- 613 (john)
James G. Blaine- 613 (Laura Granillo)
Pan-American Union- 613, 617 (Laura Granillo)
Social Darwinism & expansion- 613(Laura Granillo)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Ernst Haeckel & John Fiske- 613
- Haeckel
- suggested the development of race paralleled development of the individual
- therefore, less advanced people were stuck in adolescence or a child-like stage
- Fiske
- a popular writer and lecturer
- argued for Anglo-Saxon racial superiority
- due to natural selection
- English and Americans would dominate the world
- bring advances of commerce and democratic institutions upon less "civilized" places
http://www.jstor.org/pss/25080332- Jonathan Lo
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(0_o)(0_o)(0_o)(0_o)(0_o)(0_o)(0_o)(0_o)(0_o)(0_o)(0_o)(0_o)(0_o)(0_o)(0_o)(0_o)(0_o)(0_o)(0_o)(0_o)(0_o)(0_o)(0_o)(0_o)(0_o)(0_o)
John W. Burgess- 613
http://www.c250.columbia.edu/c250_celebrates/remarkable_columbians/john_burgess.html
- Jonathan Lo
(o_0)(o_0)(o_0)(o_0)(o_0)(o_0)(o_0)(o_0)(o_0)(o_0)(o_0)(o_0)(o_0)(o_0)(o_0)(o_0)(o_0)(o_0)(o_0)(o_0)(o_0)(o_0)(o_0)(o_0)(o_0)(o_0)
@[T_T]@@[T_T]@@[T_T]@@[T_T]@@[T_T]@@[T_T]@@[T_T]@@[T_T]@@[T_T]@@[T_T]@@[T_T]@@[T_T]@@[T_T]@
Josiah Strong- 613, 616
- Congregational minister and expansionist
- Suggested strength of developing ideas
- overseas missionary work
- Wrote Our Country: Its Possible Future and Its Present Crisis
- advocated Anglo superiority
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josiah_Strong-Jonathan Lo
@[T_T]@@[T_T]@@[T_T]@@[T_T]@@[T_T]@@[T_T]@@[T_T]@@[T_T]@@[T_T]@@[T_T]@@[T_T]@@[T_T]@@[T_T]@
William H. Seward- views and policies- 616-17 (Stephen Perez)
- At the time, Seward had 5 years of life left
- Views
- § American empire expanded to Latin America and shores of Asia
- § Also Canada and Mexico
- § Use Caribbean as bases to protect canal across the isthmus
- § Hawaii and other islands as bases to Asia
- · Farm and manufactured goods
- Policies
- Commercial treaty with Hawaii
- Annexation of Midway Islands
- Purchased Alaska from Russia
- Thought Mexico City would be capital
· http://www.sewardhouse.org/biography/o Biography of William Seward
Hamilton Fish’s views- 617 (Stephen Perez)
· Did not want to extend into Caribbean and Pacific
· Repair relations with Great Britain
o Alabama claims
§ Payment from Britain for damages to Union ships caused by Confederate vessels which had been built and outfitted in British shipyards
· Signed the Treaty of Washington to resolve these issues
· Prompted independence of Cuba
· Restive under Spanish rule
· http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.cartoonstock.com/lowres/csl0701l.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.cartoonstock.com/vintage/directory/h/hamilton_fish.asp&usg=__Ju2Zt1DckS_MBxcv2qD9jaVqXqs=&h=400&w=312&sz=87&hl=en&start=1&um=1&tbnid=etb6EQFk4a1hDM:&tbnh=124&tbnw=97&prev=/images%3Fq%3DHamilton%2BFish%2Bcartoon%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN%26um%3D1
o Cartoon of Fish and Alabama claims
Treaty of Washington- significance of arbitration- 617 (Stephen Perez)
· Provided for arbitration of the Alabama issue and other nettlesome controversies
· A landmark in the peaceful settlement of international disputes
o Marked a significant step in cementing Anglo-American relations
· http://www.cartoonstock.com/lowres/csl0702l.jpg
o Political cartoon of Treaty of Washington
James Blaine & Frederick T. Frelinghuysen- goals- 617 (Ana Granados)
- James Blaine
- secretary of state under President James Garfield
- laid extensive plans to establish closer commercial relations with Latin America
- Frederick T. Frelinghuysen
- Blaine's successor
- changed Blaine's approach, not strategy
- both wanted to find Caribbean markets for American goods
- negotiated separate reciprocity treaties with Mexico, Cuba, Puerto Rico, British West Indied, Santo Domingo, and Colombia
- hoped to bind these countries to American interests
http://millercenter.org/academic/americanpresident/arthur/essays/cabinet/356Inter-American Conference (1889)- 617 (Ana Granados)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inter-American_Conference
reciprocity- Latin America- 617 (Ana Granados)
- (hoped by Harrison & Blaine) would divert Latin American trade from Europe to the U.S.
- reciprocity provision within McKinley Tariff Act of 1890
- negotiated reciprocity treaties with most Latin American nations
- fail to foster hoped-for-trade due to depression of 1890'
http://books.google.com/books?id=ugYXAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA187&lpg=PA187&dq=reciprocity-Latin+America&source=bl&ots=U5EDJ5QjYr&sig=H-RCZLy0VD-H6JP_dt4NQSnZcig&hl=en&ei=VQ-_SduaLpeyMdjD0LIN&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=4&ct=resultRichard Olney- 617-jess bolda
secritary of state.
urged britain to arbitrate the dispute
drafted a stiff diplomtic note affirming the monroe docterine
british foreign secritary rejected olney's arguements.
cleveland and olney had persuaed GB to recognize the US's dominance
(britain backs off)
increased american influence in Latin America.
Monroe doctern assumed new importance.
1896 Treaty of Arbitration- 618-jess bolda
Great Brittain and Venezuela divided the disputed territory
cleveland rarely consulted venezula (us acted unilateraly)
Demonstrated a growing determination to exert american power in the western hemisphere.
Crossroads of the Pacific- 618
reciprocity treaty of 1875- 618
Treaty of 1877- 618
Queen Liliuokalani- 618
John L. Stevens- 618
Hawaiian annexation (1893)- 618
Hawaiian annexation (1898)- 619
Pago Pago Agreements- 619
http://www.janeresture.com/samoa_glimpse/pago_pago.jpg
1899 Samoan Agreement- 619
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Samoa
NAVAL ADVISORY BOARD (Clare O’Flynn)
-In the 1870’s U.S. Navy had almost no power
---So, in 1880’s Naval Advisory Board is created. It funded, at first, 4 steel ships and eventually grew to fund more ships with better trained personnel. Not only was the U.S. navy strengthening their defense, but also their offense with more steel ships equipped with weaponry.
-2 main forces behind the navy:
Alfred Thayer Mahan
Benjamin F. Tracy
ALFRED THAYER MAHAN(Clare)
-thought that industrialism produced surpluses of agricultural and manufactured goods for which markets must be found.
--So, he then said that a large merchant marine/navy was required to protect it. He argued that in order to gain power the U.S. must expand. He was in great favor of bases/harbors being built, linking the East coast to the Pacific (Hawaii)
BENJAMIN F. TRACY(Clare)
-organized Bureau of construction and repair to design and build new ships.
-made naval reserve and first submarine, also first heavy rapid fire guns and armor.
-joined big navy advocates in congress to push for a far ranging battleship fleet able to attack enemies.
-In accordance with Alfred Thayer Mahan, eventually expanded and trained the U.S. navy so well, it was ranked 4th in the world.
War with Spain-
America showed its dominance and rid the caribbean of the Spanish.
Spain had wooden ships and older technology.
They had no chance at winning the war.
-Patrick Herling
General Weyler
-Spanish Commander
-Demanded that rebels lay down their arms in ten days.
-He planned to have a "reconstruction" policy moving the natives into camps and destroying the rebells
-Patrick Herling
Battleship Maine- 623
John Hay- 623
fighting units by town- 624
black-white tensions- 625
Black-White Tensions
-as units were put together, it created racial tension
-it was reflective of US society
“smoked Yankees”- 625
-black soldiers who served in the war
-most were posted in the west
-no eastern community would accept them
-they fought with distinction
http://www.newsday.com/community/guide/lihistory/ny-history-hs623a,0,6961089.story
Military Information Division- 626
Manila Bay (1898)- 626
Guantanamo Bay- 626
(Neyer)
-Seized by U.S. marines
-served as a great South of the island harbor
-naval refueling depot
-a Caribbean base
BETTER THAN NOTHING
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WS0CrmHYLFITreaty of Paris (1898)- 629
Treaty of Paris- 629
(Neyer)
-$20 million payment offer to Spain
-U.S. makes minor concessions to Spain
-Spain leaves and gives U.S. holdings
-SPain agreed to:
a)assume the Cuban debt
b)recognize Cuba's independence
c)cede Puerto Rico and Guam to the U.S.
NOTHING BUT BAND LINKS
Anti-Imperialist League- 629 (crystal gutierrez)
-fought against peace treaty in phillipeans
-didnt want "mix races'
- 30000 members and over a half million contributors
-believed taking Phillipeans violated American principles of independence and self)determination
-local leagues formed in big cities such as Boston, Philidelphia, NY, etc.
As the American frontier “closed,” many in America pushed for new frontiers of an empire for exploration, settlement, and new markets.
-Antone Scala
Philippine-American War- 630 ANTONE SCALA
· War between US and Spain-lasted a few months, Filipinos helped because they thought they would gain independence
· After US defeats Spain, McKinley states that the Philipines “are not ready for self government”
· Filipinos turn on US-4,300 US dead; 50,000-200,000 Filipinos dead- lasted over 3 years
Emilio Aguinaldo-630
· Filipino leader in anti-Spanish resistance
· Shifted to guerilla tactics vs. US after leading an army over Spain
· Remnants of Filipino army
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emilio_Aguinaldo
guerilla warfare- 630
· US control during day, guerillas control at night
· Guerilla attacks, then hide in forests or nearby villages
· US-brutal retaliation- herd people into protected zones, destroyed rural areas outside of zone
Taft in Philippines- 631 (Mai Le)
Taft Commission- 631 (Mai Le)
Supreme Court & citizenship- 632 -(Eddie Rodriguez)
Foraker Act of 1900- 632-(Eddie Rodriguez)
Gen. Leonard Wood- 633(crystal gutierrez)
-commander of US army in Cuba until 1902
-wanted to give cubans good school systems, fix their ports, and get them on their feet
-he conducted municipal electioins, helped them adapt a constitution and improve relations with the US
http://www.wood.army.mil/MGLeonardwood.htm
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
michael
Platt Amendment- 633
Dr. Walter Reed- 633
Open Door Policy- 633